How to Handle Slopes 8.6

General description

Slopes is an application that allows to stake out regular slopes and batter boards.
In general, the user defines a sloped reference plane. Afterwards positions can be measured on the site and these measured positions are compared with the sloped reference plane.

The application can be used for:

• Checks on a defined slope: The operator moves around the sloped area and takes measurements to check if the current status is ok, below or above the designed surface.

• Staking and mounting the batter board: To mark the design slope by installing a board onto two pegs, that has the same slope as the design and is exactly in the sloped designed plane.

• Finding the Daylight line: The intersection of the current real surface and the designed surface is called Daylight line. This line is exactly the place where the excavator needs to start digging off the ground to build the designed slope.

• Finding the Daylight point: In this case a sloped line is used instead of a sloped plane. The daylight point and how to get to this position are the values of interest and can be used for inclined pile ramming or drilling.

The following is a step-by-step guide to using some of the key functions in Slopes: a single line as reference together with a regular slope definition. Afterwards the Daylight line can be marked and a batter board built up, starting at that location.

Given: Instrument is connected and set up.

How to handle slopes step-by-step

Open the Slopes app.
Select the reference element. The reference element can be a point, a line segment, an arc or a polyline.
Define the slope.
- Define the inclination of the slope .
Inclination can be %, V:H, H:V or Elev. Angle, depending on the
current active setting for slope display.
- Set the horizontal length or the height of the slope. The input can be toggled via the button.
- If needed, set a horizontal and/or vertical offset for the slope.

➜ Tap to erase all entered values.
➜ To change the direction of the slope (seen from start point to end point of the selected line), tap Flip .
➜ To change between increasing and decreasing slope tap the corresponding key.
➜
Once the slope is defined, tap to accept.
➜ The slope definition is stored within the application. When the next element is selected, for example an arc or a line, the start and/or end point of the baseline are reset while the slope is kept.
After defining the slope measurements can be started.
-Once a measurement is available, calculated values are displayed. The most important values are Cut/Fill as the height difference between the measured point and the defined slope, and the dHix value for the distance to the daylight line at the height of the measured point.
- To change to cross-section view mode select Cross Section from the Map Handler. The target is shown against the current cross-section of the defined slope.

How to define Slope Lines & Model

Open the Slopes app.
Select a line and define the slope. See also: How to handle slopes step-by-step
From the Toolbox select Slope Lines & Model.
➜ Tap to erase all entered values.

The model will be stored as an *.xml file.

➜ The created file can be further used in other applications such as Stakeout or Cut & Fill.

Toolbox functions

Function	Description
Reference	Allows the user to select a reference line (for example the centreline of a road model). The information bar can be configured to show chainage and offset values to the defined reference line.
Battered Pile	Allows the settings for tilted pile ramming and delivers information for the Daylight point and the referenced angle.
Edit Slope	Edit values of the defined slope, including horizontal and vertical offset.
Slope Lines & Model	Allows the user to create: -3D lines at desired intervals along the defined slope mode -the baseline and the offset line of the slope model --the surface defined by the slope model
Connect Points	Tap points to create a line or a polyline.
Stake Writer	Enable this option to get guidance on marking of the stake. For further details refer to: Using Stake Writer step-by-step
Undo	Undo previous action.
Delete	Remove points/lines/arcs.

Information bar values

Type/Icon	Description	Pos.
	Pos. stands for the position in the illustration below.
ID	Point ID of the current point to record.
E	East value at the current target position.
N	North value at the current target position.
H	Height at the current target position.
ProjH	A value set during project creation to define a height shift for measured points in the project.
Code	Code/layer for the next point to record.
Lin	Horizontal line value (2D) from the measured point along the selected line.
Off	Offset value at measured point to the selected line.
H. Diff	Height difference, from the measurement position to the start of the control line. Or with a reference line selected, from the measurement position to the start of the reference line.

Type/Icon	Description	Pos.
	Pos. stands for the position in the illustration below.
Ref_Id	Reference ID of the stakeout/layout element.
Ref_Lin	Line value of the stakeout/layout point, along the selected reference line.
Ref_Off	Offset value of the stakeout/layout point, to the selected reference line.
dH_Ref	Vertical offset value of the defined reference surface.
Design	Design height at the measurement position.

Type/Icon	Description
CQ 1D	Coordinate quality value for the height information at the current position.
CQ 2D	Coordinate quality values for the plain information at the current position.
CQ 3D	Coordinate quality values for a combination of the height and the plain information at the current position.
GDOP	Geometric dilution of precision quality value at the current position.
Latitude	Global coordinate to define the north-south position of a point.
Longitude	Global coordinate to define the east-west position of a point.
Ell. Height	Global coordinate to define the ellipsoidal height of a point.

Type/Icon	Description
Hz	Horizontal angle to the current target position.
V	Vertical/zenith angle to the current target position.
sD	Slope distance to the last point measured.
hD	Horizontal distance to the last point measured.
Tilt Angle	When using AutoPole: Tilt angle of pole.
Tilt Direction	When using AutoPole: Direction in which the pole is tilted, with regard to the compass.
Tilt 2D Quality	When using AutoPole: Quality of position measurement.
Tilt Height Quality	When using AutoPole: Quality of height measurement.

Type/Icon	Description
Proj.Lin	Line value at measured point along the selected reference line.
Proj.Off	Offset value at measured point to the selected reference line.
Proj. H. Diff	Height difference at measured point to the selected reference line.
Int. Chainage	Chainage at the measured point along the selected reference line, without station equation. With no reference line, the value shows the chainage at the measured point along the selected line.
Chainage	Chainage at the measured point along the selected reference line, including the station equation.

Type/Icon	Description	Pos.
	Pos. stands for the position in the illustration below.
dHix	Horizontal distance to the design slope.
dHPO	Perpendicular height difference from the measured position to the slope.
Cut/Fill	Cut/Fill value and colour indicator of the last point measured, compared to the design slope.
Slope	Slope angle of the reference slope. ➜ Depending on the current active setting for slope dis play, this value can also be symbolised as h:v, v:h, or %.
Max	Maximum height for the defined slope.
VOff	Vertical offset, as set in the slope definition.
HOff	Horizontal offset, as set in the slope definition.

Type/Icon

Description

Att1 ... Att10

Code attributes 1 to 10 of measured
point.
Up to 25 attributes can be defined, up to 10 attributes can be displayed in the Information bar.